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                                          1: How Can We Stay Healthy?

Recently, a novelcoronavirus, which has great harm to people's health, has attacked the world. Therefore, I would like to talk about how teenagers can improve our immunity.

First of all, we must ensure that we have a healthy diet, which will help our body get enough nutrition. In addition, we should developexcellent living habits，such as drinking more water and doing more exercise. Especially during this special period, we can do rope- skipping and do gymnastics at home. What's more, we should keep a regular schedule. We cannot stay up late, because adequate sleeping time and good-quality sleep are very important for our health. Last but not least, why not keep a positive and optimistic attitude at any time? Believe that we can stay healthy, and then we really can!

In a word, the whole society should pay more attention to how to keep healthy. Only in this way can we improve our immunity and keep away from diseases.

                                      1.我们怎样才能保持健康?

最近，一种对人类健康危害极大的新型冠状病毒袭击了全世界。因此，我想谈谈青少年如何提高免疫力。

首先，我们必须确保我们有一个健康的饮食，这将帮助我们的身体得到足够的营养。此外，我们应该养成良好的生活习惯，比如多喝水、多做运动。尤其是在这个特殊的时期，我们可以在家里跳绳和做体操。更重要的是，我们应该保持规律的作息时间。我们不能熬夜，因为充足的睡眠时间和高质量的睡眠对我们的健康非常重要。最后但同样重要的是，为什么不在任何时候都保持积极乐观的态度呢?相信我们可以保持健康，然后我们就真的可以!

总之，整个社会应该更加关注如何保持健康。只有这样，我们才能提高免疫力，远离疾病。

novel    /ˈnɒv.əl/

(adjective) new and original, not like anything seen before新颖的，新奇的

(noun)a long printed story about imaginary characters and events（长篇）小说

coronavirus   /kəˈrəʊ.nəˌvaɪə.rəs/

(noun)a type of virus that includes the SARS virus冠状病毒

attack   /əˈtæk/

(verb)to try to hurt or defeat using violence袭击；殴打；攻击；进攻

(verb)If something, such as a disease or a chemical, attacks something, it damages it.（疾病、化学品等）侵袭；侵害；侵蚀

teenager    /ˈtiːnˌeɪ.dʒər/

(noun[ C ] ) a youngperson between 13 and 19 yearsold（13岁至19岁的）青少年

immunity   /ɪˈmjuː.nə.ti/

(noun)a situation in which you are protected against disease or from legal action免疫；免除；豁免

ensure    /ɪnˈʃɔːr/

(verb) to make something certain to happen确保；保证

nutrition  /njuːˈtrɪʃ.ən/ 

(n.) the substances that you take into your body as food and the way that they influence your health营养物质；营养，滋养

in addition (to)

as well (as) 除…之外还

develop /dɪˈvel.əp/

(verb) to (cause something to) grow or change into a more advanced, larger, or strongerform（使）发展；（使）发育；（使）成长

excellent   /ˈek.səl.ənt/

(adjective) extremely good卓越的；优秀的；杰出的；极好的

rope- skipping = skipping rope   /ˈskɪp.ɪŋ ˌrəʊp/

(noun)  a rope that is used for skipping跳绳

gymnastics  /dʒɪmˈnæs.tɪks/

(noun[ U ]) physical exercises and activities performed inside, often using equipment suchas bars and ropes, intended to increase the body's strength and the ability to move and bend easily体操，体操训练；（智力、艺术等）训练

schedule    /ˈʃedʒ.uːl/

(noun[ C ]) a list of planned activities or things to be done showing the times or dates when they are intended to happen or be done计划表；日程安排表；进度表

adequate    /ˈæd.ə.kwət/

(adjective) enough or satisfactory for a particular purpose足够的；合格的；合乎需要的

quality   /ˈkwɒl.ə.ti/

(noun) how good or bad something is质量，品级

positive    /ˈpɒz.ə.tɪv/

(adjective) full of hope and confidence, or giving cause for hope and confidence建设性的；积极的；怀有希望的

optimistic   /ˌɒp.tɪˈmɪs.tɪk/ 

(adjective) hoping or believing that good things will happen in the future乐观的

attention  /əˈten.ʃən/

(noun) notice, thought, or interest注意，留心；考虑；关心

  2: GarbageClassification

With the development of science and technology, our life is becoming much better and more convenient. However, more garbage and pollution are produced at the same time, which lays a heavy burden on our environment. As is known to all, environment plays a vital role in our daily life. In response to the severesituation, we should take effective measures to protect the planet where we coexist. It is suggested that we should sort waste to relieve the situation.

Garbage classification, which is a good way to protect our environment, can't be over emphasized.It can help separaterecyclable waste, which can be fully utilized to help save the resources to a large extent. Not only can we make our environment clean and beautiful, but also recyclable waste can be made good use of to benefit us in return.

As garbage classification is significant, we should take an active part in putting it into practice. It's a must for us to learn to sort waste. It is the little things we do today that have a profound influence on the planet. Only if all of us make jointefforts can we make a big difference and have a good environment.

                                                               2: 垃圾分类

随着科学技术的发展，我们的生活变得好得多，也方便得多。然而，更多的垃圾和污染同时产生，这对我们的环境造成了沉重的负担。众所周知，环境在我们的日常生活中起着至关重要的作用。为了应对严峻的形势，我们应该采取有效措施来保护我们共同生存的星球。有人建议我们分类垃圾以缓解这种情况。

垃圾分类是保护环境的一个好方法，怎么强调也不过分。它可以帮助分离可回收垃圾，充分利用这些垃圾在很大程度上有助于节约资源。我们不仅可以使我们的环境清洁和美丽，而且可回收垃圾也可以得到很好的利用，使我们得到回报。

因为垃圾分类意义重大，所以我们应该积极参与实践。我们必须学会分类垃圾。正是我们今天所做的。

garbage    /ˈɡɑː.bɪdʒ/(n.[ U ])wastematerial or unwanted things that you throw away垃圾，废物

classification    /ˌklæs.ɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/

(n) the act or process of dividing things into groupsaccording to theirtype将…分类，将…归类；把…分级

convenient /kənˈviː.ni.ənt/(adj) suitable for yourpurposes and needs and causing the least difficulty方便的；便利的；

burden   /ˈbɜː.dən/

(noun[ C ]) a heavyload that you carry负荷，重负

(noun[ C ]) something difficult or unpleasant that you have to deal with or worry about负担，重担

vital    /ˈvaɪ.təl/ 

(adjective)necessary for the success or continuedexistence of something; extremelyimportant必不可少的；极其重要的

daily    /ˈdeɪ.li/(adverb, adjective) happening on or relating to every day每天地，天天地

response   /rɪˈspɒns/(noun) an answer or reaction回答；回应，反应

severe   /sɪˈvɪər/ 

(adjective)causing very greatpain, difficulty, worry, damage, etc.; very serious非常严重的；剧烈的；惨重的

situation    /ˌsɪtʃ.uˈeɪ.ʃən/

(noun) the set of things that are happening and the conditions that exist at a particulartime and place处境，情况，形势

effective    /ɪˈfek.tɪv/(adjective) successful or achieving the results that you want能产生预期结果的；有效的

planet    /ˈplæn.ɪt/

(noun[ C ]) an extremelylarge, round mass of rock and metal, such as Earth, or of gas, such as Jupiter, that moves in a circularpath around the sun or another star行星

coexist (co-exist)   /ˌkəʊ.ɪɡˈzɪst/(verb[ I ])to live or exist together at the same time or in the same place共生；共处；

sort  /sɔːt/

(verb) to put a number of things in an order or to separate them into groups把…分类；整理；

(noun[ C ]) a group of things that are of the same type or that sharesimilarqualities种类，类型

relieve    /rɪˈliːv/

(verb) to make an unpleasantfeeling, such as pain or worry, less strong缓解，减轻，解除（疼痛或担忧）；使宽心，

emphasize   /ˈem.fə.saɪz/(verb) to show that something is very important or worth giving attention to强调；重视

separate     /ˈsep.ər.ət/ 

(adjective) existing or happening independently or in a different physicalspace各自的；单独的，不同的

(verb) to (cause to) divide into parts（使）分离；（使）分开

recyclable   /ˌriːˈsaɪ.klə.bəl/(adjective) able to be recycled可回收利用的；可再利用的

utilize   /ˈjuː.təl.aɪz/(verb)to use something in an effective way使用；利用；应用

resource    /rɪˈzɔːs/

(noun) a useful or valuablepossession or quality of a country, organization, or person资源；财力；素质

(verb) to provide an organization or department with money or equipment为…提供资源；资助；供给…设备

benefit   /ˈben.ɪ.fɪt/

(noun) a helpful or good effect, or something intended to help利益，好处；优势

(verb) to be helped by something or to help someone得益，受惠；使受益；对…有帮助

significant   /sɪɡˈnɪf.ɪ.kənt/(adjective)important or noticeable重要的；显著的

profound   /prəˈfaʊnd/

(adjective) felt or experienced very strongly or in an extreme way强烈的；深沉的；极度的

(adjective) showing a clear and deepunderstanding of seriousmatters造诣深的；思想深邃的

joint   /dʒɔɪnt/

(adjective)belonging to or shared between two or more people共有的，共享的；共同的

effort    /ˈef.ət/

(noun)physical or mentalactivityneeded to achieve something气力；精力；努力

                                               3: Rent Clothes

In rece44nt years, renting clothes has become an increasinglypopulartrend among people of all ages，at home and abroad.

Clothes rental stores specialize in renting second-hand clothes. which will make the most of resources. There are a wide variety of clothes available in clothes rental stores, including children's wear, formalattire, maternity dress, wedding dress, which are suitable for people of all ages and can be applied to any occasion. In addition, what impresses the customers most is that not only the quality of the clothes is reliable, but the prices are reasonable and affordable. On top of that, if there is no damage to the clothes and they are preserved in good condition, customers can get a full refund. Sounds fantastic, doesn’t it?

As a result, supposing you want to experience a new way of getting clothes, it's not a bad idea to give it a try. I'm greatlyconvinced that you will be impressed by the clothes rental stores. I strongly recommend that you should try this new thing and experience it personally.

                                             3: 租衣服

内外各年龄段人群日益流行的趋势

服装租赁店专门租二手衣服，这样可以充分利用资源。服装租赁店内可供选择的服装种类繁多，包括童装、正装、孕妇装、婚纱等，适合各个年龄段的人群，适用于任何场合。另外，给顾客留下最深刻印象的不仅是衣服质量可靠，而且价格合理实惠。除此之外，如果衣服没有损坏并且保存完好，顾客可以得到全额退款。听起来很棒，不是吗?

因此，假设你想体验一种新的获取衣服的方式，不妨试试租衣服。我深信你会对服装租赁店印象深刻。我强烈建议你试试这个新事物，亲身体验一下。

rent    /rent/ 

(verb) to pay or receive a fixed amount of money for the use of a room, house, car, television, etc.租用，租借；出租

(noun) a fixed amount of money that you pay regularly for the use of a room, house, car, television, etc. that someone else owns租金；租费

increasingly    /ɪnˈkriː.sɪŋ.li/(adverb) more and more越来越多地，不断增加地

popular    /ˈpɒp.jə.lər/

(adjective) liked, enjoyed, or supported by many people受大众喜爱的，受欢迎的

trend  /trend/

(noun) a general development or change in a situation or in the way that people are behaving趋势，趋向；倾向，动向

rental    /ˈren.təl/

(noun) an arrangement to rent something, or the amount of money that you pay to rent something出租，租赁，租借；租金，租费

specialize    /ˈspeʃ.əl.aɪz/ 

(verb) to spend most of your time studying one particular subject or doing one type of business专门研究，专攻；专门从事

second-hand   /ˌsek.əndˈhænd/

(adjective, adverb) not new; having been used in the past by someone else旧（的）；二手（的）

variety    /vəˈraɪə.ti/

(noun) the characteristic of often changing and being different多样化；变化

(noun) many different types of things or people各种各样；多种类型

available    /əˈveɪ.lə.bəl/

(adjective) able to be bought or used可获得的；可用的

formal   /ˈfɔːr.məl/

(adjective) public or official公开的；正式的

attire   /əˈtaɪər/ 

(noun [ U ]) clothes, especially of a particular or formal type（尤指特定的或正式的）服装，衣着

maternity  /məˈtɜː.nə.ti/

(adjective) related to pregnancy and birth怀孕的；产妇的

wedding    /ˈwed.ɪŋ/

(noun[ C ]) a marriageceremony and any celebrations such as a meal or a party that follow it婚礼，结婚庆典

apply    /əˈplaɪ/

(verb) to make use of something or use it for a practical purpose使用，运用，应用

(verb) to request something, usually officially, especially in writing or by sending in a form（尤指通过书面或表格形式）申请，请求

occasion    /əˈkeɪ.ʒən/ 

(noun) a particular time, especially when something happens or has happened时刻，时候

(noun) a special or formal event特殊场合；重大活动；盛会

(noun) an opportunity or reason for doing something or for something to happen时机，机会；原因，理由

reliable    /rɪˈlaɪ.ə.bəl/

(adjective) Someone or something that is reliable can be trusted or believed because he, she, or it works or behaves well in the way you expect.可信赖的；可靠的；真实可信的

reasonable    /ˈriː.zən.ə.bəl/

(adjective) based on or using good judgment and therefore fair and practical合情理的；公平的

affordable    /əˈfɔː.də.bəl/

(adjective) not expensive付得起的；买得起的

preserve   /prɪˈzɜːv/

(verb) to keep something as it is, especially in order to prevent it from decaying or being damaged or destroyed保护，维护；保留；保养

condition   /kənˈdɪʃ.ən/

(noun) the particular state that something or someone is in状况；状态

refund   /ˈriː.fʌnd/

(noun) an amount of money that is given back to you, especially because you are not happy with a product or service that you have bought（尤指因为对购买的产品或服务不满意而追回的）退款，返还款，偿还金额

fantastic   /fænˈtæs.tɪk/

(adjective) extremely good极好的

suppose    /səˈpoʊz/

(verb) to think that something is likely to be true认为可能，料想，猜想

(conjunction) used at the beginning of a sentence or clause to mean 'what would happen if'（用于句首）假如，假设，如果

greatly    /ˈɡreɪt.li/

(adverb) very much, used especially to show how much you feel or experience something（尤用于表示强烈感受或体验）非常，很，大大地

convinced    /kənˈvɪnst/

(adjective) certain确信的，信服的

recommend    /ˌrek.əˈmend/

(verb) to suggest that someone or something would be good or suitable for a particular job or purpose, or to suggest that a particular action should be done推荐，介绍；建议

personal    /ˈpɜː.sən.əl/

(adjective) relating or belonging to a single or particular person rather than to a group or an organization个人的，私人的

                                   4: Great Changes in My Hometown

Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past ten years.

Several years ago, my hometown was a small and poor village, which was difficult for villagers to make a living .Therefore ,most young people travelled far to big cities to find jobs, with seniors and children left at home. Besides, with inconvenienttransportation and no modern facilities. life here was dull and uncomfortable.

However, with the economic development and the improvement of people's living standards, my hometown has taken on a brand-new look. First of all, compared to limited choices on dailydiets ten years ago, more and more nutritious foods have been introduced to people's diet. What's more, there are many factories around my hometown, so young adults are moving back to work and accompany their family at the same time. Besides, in terms of the transportation, private cars can be seen everywhere. And now it is easy and convenient for us to do all kinds of activities, including going shopping, watching movies and gong to concerts. which makes our life colourful and thrilling.

As far as I am concerned ,I really enjoy and appreciate the life at present and I do believe my hometown will be better and better.  

                                        4: 我家乡的巨大变化

在过去十年里，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。

几年前，我的家乡是一个贫穷的小乡村，村民们很难谋生。因此，大多数年轻人远赴大城市找工作，老人和孩子留守在家。此外，由于交通不便，也没有现代化的设施，这里的生活单调且不舒适。

然而，随着经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高，我的家乡面貌焕然一新。首先，与十年前有限的日常饮食选择相比，越来越多的营养食品被引入到人们的饮食中。更重要的是，我的家乡周围有很多工厂，因此年轻人都回来工作，同时陪伴家人。此外，在交通方面，私家车随处可见。现在我们做各种各样的活动，包括逛街、看电影、听音乐会，都很容易且方便，这使我们的生活丰富多彩，令人兴奋。

就我而言，我真的很享受也很感激现在的生活，我相信我的家乡会越来越好。

change /tʃeɪndʒ/

(verb) to make or become different改变，变化

hometown  /ˈhəʊm.taʊn/

(noun) the town or city that a person is from, especially the one in which they were born and lived while they were young家乡，故乡

senior    /ˈsiː.ni.ər/

(noun) an oldperson年纪大的人

(noun) someone who is high or higher in rank上级；上司

(adjective) high or higher in rank级别高的

(adjective) older年龄大一些的

inconvenient /ˌɪn.kənˈviː.ni.ənt/

(adjective)causingproblems or difficulties带来不便的

transportation    /ˌtræn.spɔːˈteɪ.ʃən/

(noun) the movement of people or goods from one place to another运输，运送，输送

(noun) a vehicle or system of vehicles, such as buses, trains, etc. for getting from one place to another交通工具；车辆

facility    /fəˈsɪl.ə.ti/

(noun) a place, especiallyincludingbuildings, where a particularactivityhappens（尤指包含多个建筑物，有特定用途的）场所

[facilities[ plural ] ] the buildings, equipment, and servicesprovided for a particularpurpose设施；设备

dull    /dʌl/

(adjective) not interesting or exciting in any way枯燥的，乏味的，无趣的

(adjective) not clear, bright, or shiny模糊的；暗淡的；阴暗的

uncomfortable  /ʌnˈkʌmf.tə.bəl/

(adjective) not feelingcomfortable and pleasant, or not making you feelcomfortable and pleasant不舒服的；令人难受的

economic /iː.kəˈnɒm.ɪk/

(adjective) relating to trade, industry, and money经济的；经济上的

improvement    /ɪmˈpruːv.mənt/

(noun) an occasion when something gets better or when you make it better改进，改善

brand  /brænd/

(noun) a type of product made by a particularcompany商标，牌子

brand-new

(adjective)completely new, especially not yet used全新的，崭新的

compare   /kəmˈpeər/

(verb) to examine or look for the difference between two or more things对比，对照，比较

(verb) to judge, suggest, or consider that something is similar or of equalquality to something else将…比作；拿…与…相比；认为…和…相似（或不相上下）

limited    /ˈlɪm.ɪ.tɪd/

(adjective)small in amount or number有限的；不多的，少量的

daily   /ˈdeɪ.li/

(adverb, adjective)happening on or relating to every day每天地，天天地

diet    /ˈdaɪ.ət/

(noun) the food and drink usually eaten or drunk by a person or group（日常）饮食

nutritious    /njuːˈtrɪʃ.əs/

(adjective)containing many of the substancesneeded for life and growth营养丰富的，营养价值高的

accompany  /əˈkʌm.pə.ni/

(verb) to go with someone or to be provided or exist at the same time as something陪同，陪伴；伴随，和…一起发生（或存在）

term /tɜːm/

(noun)the fixedperiod of time that something lasts for期，期限

in terms of/in... terms

used todescribe which particulararea of a subject you are discussing在…方面；从…方面来说；根据…来看

private /ˈpraɪ.vət/

(adjective) only for one person or group and not for everyone私人（用）的；私有的

including /ɪnˈkluː.dɪŋ/

(preposition) used for saying that a person or thing is part of a particulargroup or amount包括…（在内）

concert /ˈkɒn.sət/

(noun) a performance of music by one or more musicians or singers音乐会

colourful(colorful)  /ˈkʌl.ə.fəl/

(adjective) having brightcolours or a lot of different colours色彩鲜艳的；五颜六色的

thrilling /ˈθrɪl.ɪŋ/

(adjective)extremelyexciting令人激动的；惊险的；紧张的

appreciate /əˈpriː.ʃi.eɪt/

(verb) to recognize how good someone or something is and to value him, her, or it欣赏；赏识；重视

I appreciate...

used when you arethanking someone or showing that you are grateful我对…非常感谢

                                             5: Online Course

Recently, due to the COVID-19, onlinecourse has become a heated topic at the moment. Different people hold different attitudes towards online course. Just as a saying goes, every coin has two sides, and this is no exception.

For some, online course has become a trend. They are in favour of it for the reason that students can follow the teachers to keep their learning going and they may be interested in this new way of learning. In the meantime, with the videos saved in the computer, students can review what they have learned at any time, which helps students make a reasonableschedule according to their ability and time. What's more, studying at home helps cultivateself-discipline.

However, for others, many students may play games while studying and waste their precious time .It is possible that students become addicted to phones, which has a severeimpact on their study. What's worse, too much screen time does great harm to students' eyes.

From my point of view, we should make good use of online course to help us study and reduce the drawbacks to the minimum by setting limitations and enhancing teacher-student communication. It's an opportunity for us to brave the storm together and see our effortspay off in time.

                                            5: 网课

最近，由于新型冠状病毒肺炎的出现，网课成了当前的热门话题。不同的人对网课持有不同的态度。俗话说，任何事物都有两面性，这也不例外。

对一些人来说，网课已经成为一种趋势。他们之所以赞成，是因为学生可以跟着老师继续学习，他们可能对这种新的学习方式感兴趣。同时，通过将视频保存在电脑中，学生可以随时复习所学的内容，这有助于学生根据自己的能力和时间合理安排学习计划。而且在家学习有助于培养学生的自律能力。

然而，对另一些人来说，很多学生在学习的时候可能会玩游戏，浪费他们宝贵的时间。学生有可能会对手机上瘾，这对他们的学习造成了严重的影响。更糟糕的是，过多的屏幕时间对学生的眼睛有很大的伤害。

在我看来，我们应该充分利用网课来帮助我们学习，并通过设置限制和加强师生交流的方式，将缺点降到最低。这是一个机会，让我们一起勇敢面对风暴，看到我们的努力终究会得到回报。

due to: because of由于，因为

online  /ˈɒn.laɪn/

(adjective)Online products, services, or information can be bought or used on the internet.（产品、服务或信息）联网的，在线的，网上的

course  /kɔːs/

(noun) a set of classes or a plan of study on a particularsubject, usually leading to an exam or qualification课程；教程

heated    /ˈhiː.tɪd/

(adjective) made hot or warm热的，温的(adjective) excited or angry激烈的；激动的；愤怒的

attitude   /ˈæt.ɪ.tʃuːd/

(noun) a feeling or opinion about something or someone, or a way of behaving that is caused by this心态；看法；态度

exception    /ɪkˈsep.ʃən/

(noun)someone or something that is not included in a rule, group, or list or that does not behave in the expected way除外的人；例外的事物

favour (favor)     /ˈfeɪ.vər/

(noun) the support or approval of something or someone支持；赞同

(verb) to support or prefer one particularpossibility赞同；较喜欢

follow   /ˈfɒl.əʊ/

(verb) to move behind someone or something and go where he, she, or it goes跟随；跟着

in the meantime    /ˈmiːn.taɪm/

until somethingexpectedhappens, or while something else is happening在此期间；同时

video  /ˈvɪd.i.əʊ/

(noun) a recording of movingpictures and sound, especially as a digitalfile, DVD, etc.录像，录影；录像带

review   /rɪˈvjuː/

(verb & noun) to think or talk about something again, in order to make changes to it or to make a decision about it审查；仔细审核

(verb & noun) If critics review a book, play, film, etc. they write theiropinion of it.评论

reasonable    /ˈriː.zən.ə.bəl/

(adjective)based on or using good judgment and thereforefair and practical合情理的；讲道理的；公平的

schedule  /ˈʃedʒ.uːl/

(noun) a list of plannedactivities or things to be done showing the times or dates when they are intended to happen or be done计划表；日程安排表；进度表

cultivate /ˈkʌl.tɪ.veɪt/

(verb)  to prepareland and growcrops on it, or to grow a particularcrop耕作；栽培；种植

(verb)  If you cultivate a relationship, you make a specialeffort to establish and develop it, because you think it might be useful to you.建立，培养（关系）

self-discipline  /ˌselfˈdɪs.ə.plɪn/

(noun) the ability to make yourself do things you know you should do even when you do not want to自律；自我约束能力；自制力

waste    /weɪst/

(noun) an unnecessary or wrong use of money, substances, time, energy, abilities, etc.浪费；滥用

(verb) to use too much of something or use something badly when there is a limitedamount of it浪费；未好好利用

precious    /ˈpreʃ.əs/

(adjective) of greatvalue because of being rare, expensive, or important珍贵的，宝贵的

addicted    /əˈdɪk.tɪd/

(adjective)unable to stop taking drugs, or doing something as a habit入迷的；上瘾的

severe    /sɪˈvɪər/

(adjective)causing very greatpain, difficulty, worry, damage, etc.; very serious非常严重的；剧烈的；惨重的

impact /ˈɪm.pækt/

(noun)a powerfuleffect that something, especially something new, has on a situation or person（尤指新事物的）巨大影响，强大作用

screen /skriːn/

(noun) a flatsurface in a cinema, on a television, or as part of a computer, on which pictures or words are shown银幕；屏幕

reduce    /rɪˈdʒuːs/

(verb) to become or to make something becomesmaller in size, amount, degree, importance, etc.减少；减小；降低；缩小

drawback /ˈdrɔː.bæk/

(noun[ C ] ) a disadvantage or the negativepart of a situation缺点，弱点；不利因素

minimum    /ˈmɪn.ɪ.məm/

(noun)the smallestamount or numberallowed or possible最小值；最少量；最低限度

limitation   /ˌlɪm.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/

(noun) the act of controlling and especiallyreducing something限制，限定

enhance    /ɪnˈhɑːns/

(verb) to improve the quality, amount, or strength of something提高；增加；增强；增进

communication /kəˌmjuː.nɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/

(noun) the act of communicating with people交流；沟通；交际；传达；传播；通讯

opportunity    /ˌɒp.əˈtʃuː.nə.ti/

(noun) an occasion or situation that makes it possible to do something that you want to do or have to do, or the possibility of doing something机遇，时机，机会；可能性

storm   /stɔːm/

(noun) an extremeweathercondition with very strongwind, heavyrain, and often thunder and lightning风暴；暴风雨

effort /ˈef.ət/

(noun)physical or mentalactivityneeded to achieve something气力；精力；努力

pay off

If something you have donepays off, it is successful.取得成功，得到好结果

                                          6: School Bullying

A film called Better Days , which reflects the reality of school bullying, becomes a hit and raisesconcern of a large number of people. There is no doubt that school bullying imposesadverse impacts on those involved, which is of great harm to adolescents both physically and mentally. So severe is the situation that some victims even choose to commitsuicide to escape from the reality. Under this circumstance, it is high time that the teachers as well as parents and people from all walks of life took responsibility to address the problem effectively.

For teachers, they should take good care of the students, strengthenmoral education and management, protect the privacy of the victims and have a heart-to-heart talk with them to help them out. For parents, they should place great emphasis on family education, helping their children develop self-protection skills. Meanwhile, they should show more concern about their children and spend some time with them to cultivate a pleasant and harmonious family environment. For society, efforts should be made to raise the public's awareness about the great harm of school bullying. Besides, related laws and regulations should be made to protect the safety of adolescents on campus.

All in all, students should be given a safe and peaceful place to study. It is hoped that there will be an end of school bullying.

                                              6: 校园欺凌

一部反映校园欺凌现实的电影《少年的你》走红，引起了很多人的关注。毫无疑问，校园欺凌会对当事人造成不利影响，这对青少年的身心都有很大的伤害。形势如此严峻，一些受害者甚至选择自杀来逃避现实。在这种情况下，是时候教师、家长和社会各界人士都承担起有效解决这一问题的责任。

对教师来说，他们应该照顾好学生，加强道德教育和管理，保护受害者的隐私，与他们谈心，帮助他们走出困境。对于父母来说，他们应该高度重视家庭教育，帮助他们的孩子发展自我保护技能。同时，要多关心孩子，多陪陪孩子，营造一个温馨和谐的家庭环境。对社会而言，应该努力提高公众对校园欺凌的巨大危害的认识。此外，还应制定相关的法律法规，保护青少年的校园安全。

总之，应该给学生一个安全、平静的学习场所。人们希望学校里的欺凌行为能够结束。

bully    /ˈbʊl.i/

(noun) someone who hurts or frightens someone who is smaller or less powerful, often forcing them to do something that they do not want to do恃强凌弱者，以大欺小者

(verb) to hurt or frighten someone who is smaller or less powerful than you, often forcing that person to do something they do not want to do伤害；胁迫；欺负，欺凌

reflect /rɪˈflekt/

(verb) If a surface reflects light, heat, sound, or an image, it sends the light, etc. back and does not absorb it.反射（光、热、声等）；反映，映出（影像）

(verb) to show, express, or be a sign of something显示；反映；表达

(verb) to thinkcarefully, especially about possibilities and opinions深思，考虑，认真思考（尤指可能性或意见）

reality    /riˈæl.ə.ti/

(noun) the state of things as they are, rather than as they are imagined to be现实；实际情况

(noun) a fact事实；真实

hit    /hɪt/

(verb) to moveyourhand or an object onto the surface of something so that it touches it, usually with force击，打

(noun) the act of hitting something or someone, or an occasion when something or someone hits you击，打

raise    /reɪz/

(verb) to lift something to a higherposition举起；抬起；提起

(verb) to cause something to increase or becomebigger, better, higher, etc.增加；提高；改善

(verb) to cause to exist引起，导致；使存在

concern    /kənˈsɜːn/

(verb) to causeworry to someone使担忧；使挂念；使焦虑

(verb) to be important to someone or to involve someone directly对…很重要；与…相关；涉及到…，关系到…

(noun) a worried or nervousfeeling about something, or something that makes you feelworried担心；忧虑；挂念；忧虑的事情

(noun) something that is important to you, or the fact of being important重要的事；关心的事，关切的事；关心，关切

doubt    /daʊt/

(noun)  (a feeling of) not being certain about something, especially about how good or true it is（尤指对好坏、真实性的）怀疑，疑虑，疑问

no doubt

used toemphasize that what you are saying is true or likely to happen毫无疑问，毋庸置疑

impose    /ɪmˈpəʊz/

(verb) to officiallyforce a rule, tax, punishment, etc. to be obeyed or received推行；强制实行

adverse    /ˈæd.vɜːs/

(adjective) having a negative or harmfuleffect on something不利的；负面的；有害的

involve/ɪnˈvɒlv/

(verb)to include someone in something, or to make them take part in or feelpart of it使参与，牵涉

adolescent    /ˌæd.əˈles.ənt/

(noun) a youngperson who is developing into an adult青少年

physically    /ˈfɪz.ɪ.kəl.i/

(adverb) in a way that relates to the body or someone's appearance肉体地，身体上地

mentally    /ˈmen.təl.i/

(adverb)connected with or related to the mind心理上，精神上

victim    /ˈvɪk.tɪm/

(noun) someone or something that has been hurt, damaged, or killed or has suffered, either because of the actions of someone or something else, or because of illness or chance受害者；罹难者；牺牲者；牺牲品

commit  /kəˈmɪt/

(verb) to do something illegal or something that is consideredwrong做（违法或错误的事）；犯（罪、错）

(verb) to promise or give yourloyalty, time, or money to a particularprinciple, person, or plan of action承诺，保证；（使）忠于；（使）致力于；投入（时间或金钱）

suicide    /ˈsuː.ɪ.saɪd/

(noun) the act of killing yourself intentionally, or a person who has done this自杀；自杀者

escape    /ɪˈskeɪp/

(verb) to get free from something, or to avoid something逃走，逃脱，逃离；逃避，避开

(noun) the act of successfully getting out of a place or a dangerous or badsituation逃脱，逃离

circumstance    /ˈsɜː.kəm.stɑːns/

(noun) a fact or event that makes a situation the way it is条件，情况；情形，形势

responsibility    /rɪˌspɒn.sɪˈbɪl.ə.ti/

(noun) something that it is yourjob or duty to deal with职责；责任

address    /əˈdres/

(noun[ C ]) the number of the house, name of the road, and name of the town where a personlives or works, and where letters can be sent地址；住址

(noun[ C ]) a formalspeech演讲，演说

(verb) to speak or write to someone对…讲话，对…发表演说，致词；给…写信，致函

(verb) to give attention to or deal with a matter or problem对付，应付；处理

strengthen    /ˈstreŋ.θən/

(verb) to make something stronger or more effective, or to becomestronger or more effective增强，加强；巩固

moral    /ˈmɒr.əl/

(adjective)relating to the standards of good or badbehaviour, fairness, honesty, etc. that each personbelieves in, rather than to laws道德的

management    /ˈmæn.ɪdʒ.mənt/

(noun) the control and organization of something管理；经营

protect    /prəˈtekt/

(verb) to keep someone or something safe from injury, damage, or loss保护，防护

privacy    /ˈprɪv.ə.si/

(noun[ U ] ) someone's right to keeptheirpersonalmatters and relationshipssecret隐私权

emphasis    /ˈem.fə.sɪs/

(noun) the particularimportance or attention that is given to something重视；强调

self-protection   /ˌself.prəˈtek.ʃən/

(noun[ U ] )keeping yourself safe from injury or damage自我保护

pleasant   /ˈplez.ənt/

(adjective)enjoyable, attractive, friendly, or easy to like令人愉快的；宜人的；亲切友好的

harmonious    /hɑːˈməʊ.ni.əs/

(adjective) having a pleasanttune or harmony悦耳的，和谐的(adjective)friendly and peaceful和睦的；协调的

awareness    /əˈweə.nəs/

(noun)knowledge that something exists, or understanding of a situation or subject at the presenttimebased on information or experience意识

related    /rɪˈleɪ.tɪd/

(adjective)connected有关的；有联系的；相关的

regulation    /ˌreɡ.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/

(noun) an officialrule or the act of controlling something规则，条例，法规；控制，管理

campus    /ˈkæm.pəs/

(noun) the buildings of a college or university and the land that surrounds them（大学）校园，校区

peaceful    /ˈpiːs.fəl/

(adjective) without violence和平的

(adjective)quiet and calm安静的，宁静的

                                              7: Plogging

It is widely acknowledged that protecting the environment has become a prevailing trend, but the reality is far from satisfaction. Meanwhile, with the development of economy, people are beginning to attach great importance to their health. Nowadays, an environmentally friendlyactivity---plogging---has gainedpopularity, which helps get into shape and conserve the environment at the same time.

So, what is plogging? As a matter of fact, it is a combination of picking and jogging, which means picking up trash while working out. Many people think highly of it because plogging benefits us a lot. It not only helps us keep physically and mentally healthy but also is of great significance to protect the environment and our homeland. People of all ages can participate in this kind of exercise, which can help get rid of garbage and make our neighbourhood clean and beautiful. More than that, what is the most important is that it makes the public aware of environmental issues and arouses their sense of responsibility.

It is strongly suggested that everyone in the community should take an active part in the activity and making contributions to make our homeland a better place to live in. So why not take a trash bag next time when you go jogging? Don't hesitate to take actions, and we will make a difference.

                                            7:  跑步捡垃圾

人们普遍认为，保护环境已成为一种普遍的趋势，但现实远远不能令人满意。同时，随着经济的发展，人们开始重视自身的健康。如今，一种环保的活动--跑步捡垃圾--流行起来，这有助于强身健体，同时还能保护环境。

那么，什么是跑步捡垃圾呢?事实上，它是捡垃圾和慢跑的结合，也就是说一边锻炼一边捡垃圾。很多人对它评价很高，因为跑步捡垃圾使我们受益良多。它不仅有助于我们保持身心健康，而且对保护环境和我们的家园具有重要意义。所有年龄段的人都可以参加这种运动，这有助于清理垃圾，使我们的社区又干净又美丽。除此之外，最重要的是让公众意识到环境问题，唤起他们的责任感。

强烈建议社区里的每一个人都积极参与这项活动，为使我们的家园成为一个更好的居住地做出贡献。所以下次慢跑的时候为什么不带个垃圾袋呢?不要犹豫采取行动，我们会有所作为的。

acknowledge    /əkˈnɒl.ɪdʒ/

(verb) to accept, admit, or recognize something, or the truth or existence of something承认；认可…属实或存在

prevailing /prɪˈveɪ.lɪŋ/

(adjective)existing in a particularplace or at a particulartime盛行的；现有的；通行的

satisfaction  /ˌsæt.ɪsˈfæk.ʃən/

(noun) a pleasantfeeling that you get when you receive something you wanted, or when you have done something you wanted to do满足，满意

economy    /iˈkɑː.nə.mi/

(noun) the system of trade and industry by which the wealth of a country is made and used经济；经济制度

attach    /əˈtætʃ/

(verb) to fasten, join, or connect something系，绑；连接；使附着；附上；固定

[attach great importance to]认为……有重要意义

importance    /ɪmˈpɔː.təns/(noun) the quality of being important重要性

environmentally friendly(adjective) not harmful to the environment环保的；对环境无害的

activity    /ækˈtɪv.ə.ti/

(noun) the situation in which a lot of things are happening or people are moving around活跃；繁忙；热闹

(noun) the work of a group or organization to achieve an aim行动；活动

plogging[瑞典语（plocka）“捡垃圾”+（jogga）“慢跑”]跑步捡垃圾

gain /ɡeɪn/

(verb) to get something that is useful, that gives you an advantage, or that is in some way positive, especially over a period of time（尤指经过一段时间逐渐）取得，获得，赢得，博得

popularity    /ˌpɒp.jəˈlær.ə.ti/

(noun) the fact that something or someone is liked, enjoyed, or supported by many people流行

conserve /kənˈsɜːv/

(verb) to keep and protect something from damage, change, or waste保护；保藏；保存；保留；节约

combination /ˌkɒm.bɪˈneɪ.ʃən/

(noun) the mixture you get when two or more things are combined联合；混合；结合；综合

jogging  /ˈdʒɒɡ.ɪŋ/

(noun) the activity of running at a slow, regularspeed, especially as a form of exercise慢跑（尤指作为健身锻炼的方式）

trash  /træʃ/(noun[ U ] ) something that is of lowquality废物，垃圾

significance    /sɪɡˈnɪf.ɪ.kəns/(noun[ U ] )importance重要性，重要意义

participate /pɑːˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/(verb) to take part in or becomeinvolved in an activity参与，参加

neighbourhood(neighborhood)    /ˈneɪ.bə.hʊd/

(noun[ C ]) the area of a town that surrounds someone's home, or the people who live in this area邻近地区；住宅区，街区；街坊，四邻

issue    /ˈɪʃ.uː/(noun[ C ]) a subject or problem that people are thinking and talking about问题；议题

arouse    /əˈraʊz/(verb) to cause someone to have a particularfeeling引起；唤起；激起

community    /kəˈmjuː.nə.ti/

(noun)the peopleliving in one particulararea or people who are considered as a unit because of theircommoninterests, socialgroup, or nationality社区；群体；社团，团体，界

contribution /ˌkɒn.trɪˈbjuː.ʃən/

(noun[ C or U ]) something that you contribute or do to helpproduce or achieve something together with other people, or to help make something successful贡献，奉献；捐款；捐助（物）；投稿

hesitate    /ˈhez.ɪ.teɪt/

(verb) to pause before you do or say something, often because you are uncertain or    nervous about it犹豫，踌躇

                                             8: The Green Train

Currently, although the high-speed train is playing a dominant part, the green train brings back a lot of unforgettable memories. The green train is a traditionalnickname for old-style trains, whose green carriages have left a deep impression on many people.

First and foremost, the green train, the ticket price of which is so cheap that every average person can afford it, brings great convenience to the residentsalongside. It has a great influence on the travelling of the locals. Additionally, considering the needs of the natives along the railway line, fruit baskets are allowed to take on the train for sale in the era of the green train. Netizens rate the green train highly because it makes the lives of natives more colourful and provides a convenient way for them to connect to the world outside.

Now the green train still exists and represents a part of Chinese history. The culture of the green train reflects not only the speed but also the warmth of China's development .To have an in-depth understanding of it as well as feel the warmth and charm of unique Chinese culture, it is genuinely hoped that those who are into the green train can have the chance to experience it in person.

                                            8: 绿皮火车

目前，虽然高铁占据了主导地位，但绿皮火车带回了许多难忘的回忆。绿皮火车是老式火车的传统昵称，它的绿色车厢给很多人留下了深刻的印象。

首先，绿皮火车的票价非常便宜，每个普通人都能负担得起，它给旁边的居民带来了极大的便利。它对当地人的出行有很大的影响。此外，考虑到铁路沿线当地人的需要，在绿皮火车时代，允许果篮带上火车出售。网民对绿皮火车评价很高，因为它让当地人的生活更加丰富多彩，为他们与外界联系提供了便捷的途径。

现在绿皮火车依然存在，代表着中国历史的一部分。绿皮火车文化不仅体现了中国发展的速度，也体现了中国发展的温度。为了深入了解绿皮火车，并感受中国独特文化的温度与魅力，真心希望那些对绿皮火车感兴趣的人有机会亲身体验一下。

currently    /ˈkɜr·ənt·li, ˈkʌr·ənt-/(adverb) at the presenttime; now:近来，最近，如今

dominant  /ˈdɒm.ɪ.nənt/

(adjective) more important, strong, or noticeable than anything else of the same type主要的；主导的；占优势的

traditional /trəˈdɪʃ.ən.əl/

(adj.) following or belonging to the customs or ways of behaving that have continued in a group of people or society for a longtime without changing传统的

nickname   /ˈnɪk.neɪm/

(noun[ C ]) an informalname for someone or something, especially a name that you are called by yourfriends or family, usually based on yourrealname or yourcharacter外号；绰号；诨名

carriage  /ˈkær.ɪdʒ/

(noun) a vehicle with four wheels that is usually pulled by horses and was used mainly in the past（尤指旧时的）四轮马车

(noun) any of the separateparts of a train in which the passengerssit（火车）车厢

impression  /ɪmˈpreʃ.ən/(noun) an idea or opinion of what something or someone is like印象；感想

foremost  /ˈfɔː.məʊst/(adjective) most important or best; leading最重要的；最佳的；领先的

afford    /əˈfɔːd/(verb) to allow someone to have something pleasant or necessary提供；给予

resident    /ˈrez.ɪ.dənt/(noun[ C ]) a person who lives or has theirhome in a place居民；住户

alongside /əˌlɒŋˈsaɪd/(preposition, adverb) next to, or together with在…旁边；与…一起

local  /ˈləʊ.kəl/

(adjective) from, existing in, serving, or responsible for a smallarea, especially of a country当地的，本地的

(noun) a person who lives in the particularsmallarea that you are talking about当地人，本地人

additionally = in addition (to):(adverb) as well (as)除…之外还

considering    /kənˈsɪd.ər.ɪŋ/

(prep, adverb) used to mention a particularcondition or fact about something, usually a disadvantage考虑到；就…而言

native    /ˈneɪ.tɪv/

(adjective)relating to or describing someone's country or place of birth or someone who was born in a particularcountry or place出生国的；出生地的；土生土长的

(noun) a person who was born in a particularplace, or a plant or animal that lives or growsnaturally in a place and has not been brought from somewhereelse本地人；土生植物；本地的动物

era    /ˈɪə.rə/(noun[ C ]) a period of time of which particularevents or stages of development are typical时代；年代

netizen   /ˈnet.ɪ.zən/(noun[ C ]) a person who uses the internet网民

connect    /kəˈnekt/(verb) to join or be joined with something else（使或被）连接；（使或被）相连

(verb) to consider or show a person or thing to be related to someone or something else把…联系起来；由…联想到

exist    /ɪɡˈzɪst/(verb) to be, or to be real存在；实际上有

(verb) to live, or to live in difficultconditions生存，生活；（艰难）存活

represent     /ˌrep.rɪˈzent/

(verb) to speak, act, or be presentofficially for another person or people作为…的代表（或代理人）；作为…的代言人

(verb) to express or complain about something, to a person in authority提出；表达；向…抗议

(verb) to show or describe something or someone表现；展现；描绘；描述

(verb) to be the result of something, or to be something意味着；等于；相当于