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中国现代史复习资料——简答题(8)

  • 2026-03-24 14:29:53
中国现代史复习资料——简答题(8)

中国人民政治协商会议及其《共同纲领》的主要内容？ 

答：
在1954年中国第一部宪法颁布前，《中国人民政治协商会议共同纲领》具有临时宪法性质。
(1)规定了关于新中国的国体和政体。《中国人民政治协商会议共同纲领》规定：“中华人民共和国实行工人阶级领导的、以工农联盟为基础的、团结各民主阶级和国内各民族的人民民主专政”。（国体）“中华人民共和国的国家政权属于人民。人民行使国家政权的机关为各级人民代表大会和各级人民政府”。“各级政权机关一律实行民主集中制”。（政体及其组织原则）此项规定，是《共同纲领》最基本、最核心的内容。这项规定也从法律上正式确立了中国共产党在全国的执政地位。
（2）规定了新中国的基本的民族政策。《中国人民政治协商会议共同纲领》规定：“中华人民共和国境内各民族一律平等”。“各少数民族聚居的地区，应实行民族区域自治。(民族区域自治制度）

▲1949年9月 《中国人民政治写会议共同纲领》

（3）规定了新中国的经济工作方针。《中国人民政治协商会议共同纲领》规定：“以公私兼顾、劳资两利、城乡互助、内外交流的政策，达到发展生产、繁荣经济之目的”。国家应调剂国营经济、个体经济、私人资本主义经济等，“使各种社会经济成分在国营经济领导之下，分工合作，各得其所，以促进整个社会经济的发展”。
(4）规定了新中国的外交工作原则。《中国人民政治协商会议共同纲领》规定：“保障本国独立、自由和领土主权的完整，（独立自主的和平外交政策）维护国际的持久和平和各国人民间的友好合作，反对帝国主义的侵略政策和战争政策”。
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  1. CONNECT:[ UseTime:0.000972s ] mysql:host=127.0.0.1;port=3306;dbname=i_67808;charset=utf8mb4
  2. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `fenlei` [ RunTime:0.001485s ]
  3. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 0 [ RunTime:0.000708s ]
  4. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 63 [ RunTime:0.000670s ]
  5. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.001452s ]
  6. SELECT * FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.000476s ]
  7. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `article` [ RunTime:0.001433s ]
  8. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` = 461295 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000957s ]
  9. UPDATE `article` SET `lasttime` = 1774752991 WHERE `id` = 461295 [ RunTime:0.007038s ]
  10. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `id` = 66 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.001400s ]
  11. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 461295 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000998s ]
  12. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` > 461295 ORDER BY `id` ASC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.001033s ]
  13. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 461295 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.001739s ]
  14. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 461295 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10,10 [ RunTime:0.001651s ]
  15. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 461295 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 20,10 [ RunTime:0.002731s ]
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